trench protective systems include which of the following

Sloping and benching systems not utilizing Option (1) or Option (2) or Option (3) under paragraph (b) of this section shall be approved by a registered professional engineer. Employees shall not be permitted to work on the faces of sloped or benched excavations at levels above other employees except when employees at the lower levels are adequately protected from the hazard of falling, rolling, or sliding material or equipment. 6. Trench protective systems include which of the following. each pulls on his end of the spring with a 200 N force. If forms or other structures are installed or constructed in an excavation so as to reduce the dimension measured from the forms or structure to the side of the excavation to 15 feet (4.6 m) or less (measured at the bottom of the excavation), the excavation is also considered to be a trench. Post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD) [a] is a mental and behavioral disorder [6] that can develop because of exposure to a traumatic event, such as sexual assault, warfare, traffic collisions, child abuse, domestic violence, or other threats on a person's life. What should an incident investigation program include. Shoring systems may also be required to support adjacent structures, like buildings, walls, sidewalks, or pavement. Occasionally, a trench collapse claims the life of a worker. (ii) The actual slope shall be less steep than the maximum allowable slope, when there are signs of distress. Their net monthly income is $4,500. (2) Option (2)-Determination of slopes and configurations using Appendices A and B. Employees shall not be allowed in shields when shields are being installed, removed, or moved vertically. means a method of protecting employees from cave-ins by excavating to form sides of an excavation that are inclined away from the excavation so as to prevent cave-ins. Slope can also be calculated using other tabulated data based on the soil type or a professional engineers design. Designs of support systems, shield systems, or other protective systems shall be selected from and be in accordance with tabulated data, such as tables and charts. Angles have been rounded off. Shielding protects workers by using trench boxes or other types of supports to prevent soil cave-ins. Type C soils are cohesive with an unconfined compressive strength of 0.5 tons per square foot or less, granular soils, submerged soil, submerged rock that is not stable, or material in a sloped, layered system where the layers dip into the excavation or with a slope of four horizontal to one vertical or steeper. means a structure such as underpinning, bracing, or shoring, which provides support to an adjacent structure, underground installation, or the sides of an excavation. Before the start of sloping or benching, the contractor needs to: 4. Deep and long trenches are probably better suited to timber shoring than any other form of protective system. Short term exposure means a period of time less than or equal to 24 hours that an excavation is open. Designs shall be in written form and shall include the following: A plan indicating the sizes, types, and configurations of the materials to be used in the protective system; and. Maximum allowable slope means the steepest incline of an excavation face that is acceptable for the most favorable site conditions as protection against cave-ins, and is expressed as the ratio of horizontal distance to vertical rise (H:V). ", means a structure such as a metal hydraulic, mechanical or timber shoring system that supports the sides of an excavation and which is designed to prevent cave-ins. This training exercise has been reviewed by several labor, industry, OSHA and NIOSH representatives, and reflects their recommendations. There are multiple types of shoring and shielding systems available and they can be used in all soil types. (b) Soil Classification. Protective systems for use in excavations more than 20 feet in depth must be designed by _____. A competent person should determine the use of cave-in protection. Note collapse of the benching. When installing shoring be sure to always use engineered shoring materials for the cave in protection. Explain. Support systems shall be installed and removed in a manner that protects employees from cave-ins, structural collapses, or from being struck by members of the support system. Protective system integrity. How far does Carlos's end of the spring move? Hazard or mitigation controls may be short and/or long term. Occupational Safety & Health Administration. (i) Designs of support systems, shield systems, or other protective systems shall be selected from and be in accordance with tabulated data, such as tables and charts. This seems to be more of a trend today. The primary difference is pneumatic shoring uses air pressure in place of hydraulic pressure. The following figures are a graphic summary of the requirements contained in subpart P for excavations 20 feet or less in depth. Focus Four Caught-in or -Between Hazards, osha 30 module 14 personal protective equipme. The requirements of this appendix apply when the design of sloping and benching protective systems is to be performed in accordance with the requirements set forth in 1926.652(b)(2). For type C soil, a sloping angle of 1 :1 is the maximum. Four employees were in an excavation 32' long x 7' deep x 9' wide boring a hole under a road. means one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings, or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. (1)Each employee in an excavation shall be protected from cave-ins by an adequate protective system designed in accordance with paragraph (b) or (c) of this section except when: (2) Protective systems shall have the capacity to resist without failure all loads that are intended or could reasonably be expected to be applied or transmitted to the system. (4)Configurations. The standard doesn't require a protective system when an excavation is made entirely in stable rock or is less than five feet deep. If a customer selects 3 of these pens at random, what is the probability that: means those requirements which are compatible with standards of practice required by a registered professional engineer. Trench box with ladder. 8. Designs of support systems, shield systems, and other protective systems shall be selected and constructed by the employer or his designee and shall be in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (c)(1); or, in the alternative, paragraph (c)(2); or, in the alternative, paragraph (c)(3); or, in the alternative, paragraph (c)(4) as follows: (c) Appendix C, Timber Shoring for Trenches. If they are restricted spaces, they present the additional risks of oxygen depletion, toxic fumes, and water accumulation. Timber, aluminum, or other suitable material may be used in the construction. All excavations are hazardous because they are inherently unstable. Additionally, shields can be either premanufactured or job-built in accordance with 1926.652(c)(3) or (c)(4). Workers were ordered out of the trench just moments before a portion collapsed avoiding possible injury or loss of life. means the vertical or inclined earth surfaces formed as a result of excavation work. (i) Excavations shall be sloped at an angle not steeper than one and one-half horizontal to one vertical (34 degrees measured from the horizontal), unless the employer uses one of the other options listed below. It should be installed with aluminum hydraulic supports or other types of supports to prevent digging, soil movement and subsidence. Trench shields are usually constructed with sidewalls held apart by steel or aluminum spreaders. The actual slope shall not be steeper than the maximum allowable slope. Peptide Hormones Include Which Of The Following - 2 What is a hormone? This appendix must be used when design of timber shoring protective systems is to be performed in accordance with 1926.652(c)(1). The grade may be too steep for Type C soil. Shoring or shielding is used when the location or depth of the cut makes sloping back to the maximum allowable slope impractical. 1926.652(b) Design of sloping and benching systems. Maximum allowable slopes, and allowable configurations for sloping and benching systems, shall be determined in accordance with the conditions and requirements set forth in appendices A and B to this subpart. The sides of an excavation are dug to form horizontal levels or steps. Footnote(2) A short-term maximum allowable slope of 1/2H:1V (63) is allowed in excavations in Type A soil that are 12 feet (3.67 m) or less in depth. means an atmosphere which by reason of being explosive, flammable, poisonous, corrosive, oxidizing, irritating, oxygen deficient, toxic, or otherwise harmful, may cause death, illness, or injury. [9] The flatter the angle, the more protection the sloping offers. The maximum allowable slope is 1:1 (45 degrees) for type B soil, and 3/4:1 (53 degrees) for type A soil. After that time the design need not be at the jobsite, but a copy shall be made available to the Secretary upon request. The identity of the registered professional engineer approving the design. Shielding does not protect against soil . The most frequently used strutted system involves aluminum hydraulic shores which are lightweight, re-usable and installed and removed completely from above ground. There are two basic types of benching: simple and multiple. Eight-foot steel plates used as shoring were placed against the side walls of the excavation at about 30-degree angles. In addition, uniform "preloading" cannot be achieved with screw jacks, and their weight creates handling difficulties. There are four types of protective systems used for trench safety: sloping, shoring, shielding, and benching. However, best practice is to consider some form of protection no matter how deep the trench. After that time, the design may be stored off the jobsite, but a copy of the design shall be made available to the Secretary upon request. The angle of the slope in this example is 34 degrees. After that time, the design may be stored off the jobsite, but a copy of the design shall be made available to the Secretary upon request. www.constructionequipment.com is using a security service for protection against online attacks. means a person who is registered as a professional engineer in the state where the work is to be performed. Which chordate groups can regulate their body temperatures? This process is automatic. He directed an employee to exit the trench believing collapse was imminent. Each table presents the minimum sizes of timber members to use in a shoring system, and each table contains data only for the particular soil type in which the excavation or portion of the excavation is made. After answering all the questions, click on the "Check Quiz Answers" button to grade your quiz and see your score. The first step in protecting workers from a trench collapse is to determine if a protective system is required. Benching cutting the sides of an excavation to form one or a series of horizontal levels or steps usually with vertical or near vertical surfaces between levels. If a trench work site needs worker protection and active shoring, contractors should use a system that applies a load to the trench wall greater than the earthen load coming from the trench wall. Ramps made of soil or rock are not considered structural ramps. (1) Soil classification. A safety and health program changes as an organization changes. The second number is 3 greater than the first, and the third is four times the first. In order to use the data presented in this appendix, the soil type or types in which the excavation is made must first be determined using the soil classification method set forth in appendix A of subpart P of this part. means the breakage, displacement, or permanent deformation of a structural member or connection so as to reduce its structural integrity and its supportive capabilities. a. A cubic yard of soil weighs as much as a car, so a trench collapse can kill in minutes. means an inclined walking or working surface that is used to gain access to one point from another, and is constructed from earth or from structural materials such as steel or wood. The safe angle must be determined with each individual project. (External link). in Pearland. b. Soil and rock deposits shall be classified in accordance with appendix A to subpart P of part 1926. Where the working area of an excavation is constantly moving, as in laying a conduit, shield systems or trench boxes may be the more appropriate protective devices to use. As the term indicates, underpinning is a procedure in which the foundation is physically reinforced. OSHA standard 1926.652, Requirements for protective systems, details four types of protective systems. Please enable cookies on your browser and try again. Where the working area of an excavation is constantly moving, as in laying a conduit, shield systems or trench boxes may be the more appropriate protective devices to use. Designs of sloping or benching systems shall be selected from and be in accordance with tabulated data, such as tables and charts. (c) Presentation of Information. Maximum allowable slope. using the attachments and the video link about to answer the questions below. The spreaders are interchangeable to match the width of the trench. The data are arranged to allow the user the flexibility to select from among several acceptable configurations of members based on varying the horizontal spacing of the crossbraces. 2. You will be redirected once the validation is complete. Which of the following is considered the safest of the four methods to prevent an excavation wall collapse? With that said, whenever workers become too comfortable with a work method, there is an increased risk of complacency. Explain. (4) Option (4)-Design by a registered professional engineer. Hydraulic shoring should be checked at least once per shift for leaking hoses and/or cylinders, broken connections, cracked nipples, bent bases, and any other damaged or defective parts. (ii) Shields shall be installed in a manner to restrict lateral or other hazardous movement of the shield in the event of the application of sudden lateral loads. Short-term maximum allowable slopes for excavations greater than 12 feet (3.67 m) in depth shall be 3/4H:1V (53). Human and administrative resources. means the accidental release or failure of a cross brace. 400 Words. Timber and aluminum hydraulic. If that situation occurs, the slope shall be cut back to an actual slope which is at least 1/2 horizontal to one vertical (1/2H:1V) less steep than the maximum allowable slope. When surcharge loads from stored material or equipment, operating equipment, or traffic are present, a competent person shall determine the degree to which the actual slope must be reduced below the maximum allowable slope, and shall assure that such reduction is achieved. Customers like taking advantage of the fact we cut the 6 awg thhn wire by the foot and offer the copper building wire in several different colors.In the united states, the following color codes are typically used for power wires in "branch circuits," the wiring between the last protective device (such as a circuit breaker) and the load (such as . The trench was 20-25 feet deep and had been benched about one bucket-width (4 feet) on each side. Protective systems are just one area to consider for trench safety and excavation. The work often takes place in congested areas, on public roads or at building sites. You will receive a message if you forgot to answer one of the questions. Want to read all 2 pages? The width, depth and length will impact the size of the protective system you need. When installing a trench shield, the contractor should excavate a wider area than the necessary minimum. The angle of incline required to prevent a cave-in varies with differences in such factors as the soil type, environmental conditions of exposure, and application of surcharge loads. Benching protects workers from cave-ins by creating horizontal levels or steps, usually with vertical or near-vertical surfaces between levels. (3) Information explaining the use of the tabular data is presented in paragraph (e) of this appendix. (iii) Manufacturer's specifications, recommendations, and limitations, and manufacturer's approval to deviate from the specifications, recommendations, and limitations shall be in written form at the jobsite during construction of the protective system. Footnote(3) Sloping or benching for excavations greater than 20 feet deep shall be designed by a registered professional engineer. The type of protective system you will use depends on five factors: Soil is classified into four basic types: stable rock, Type A, Type B, and Type C. Stable rock is natural solid mineral matter that can be excavated with vertical sides and remain intact. (C) The identity of the registered professional engineer approving the design. Soil and rock deposits shall be classified in accordance with appendix A to subpart P of part 1926. It is allowed only if a trench supports or shield is used. Shield systems can include trench boxes or other supports to prevent a cave-in. No means of protection was provided in the vertical wall trench. Failure to Inspect Trench and Protective Systems. [8] ENR used data on transportation, sewer, hazardous waste and water to rank firms as heavy contractors. Compressed air is used instead of hydraulic fluid to expand the trench jacks into position. (4) Information illustrating the use of the tabular data is presented in paragraph (f) of this appendix. Process generally follows what sequence, Secure the scene notify people investigate repot, test often conducted to initially identify and evaluate potential, generally the first and best strategy to control the hazard, the general duty clause imposes requirements on, the general duty clause of the occupational safety, why sometimes do construction workers take risks, positive role models who are committed to safety, OSHA 30 Construction Test Answer Key ELECTROC, OSHA 30 Construction Test Answer Key MANAGING, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer, Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Hendrick Van Ness, J.M. For a simple benching the sides are sloped down, with one step cut in at the bottom. Excavations that would undermine sidewalks, pavements, and appurtenant structures are prohibited unless an appropriately designed support system or another effective method protects workers from the possible collapse of the structures. However, in this case, a competent person must examine the ground and find no indication of a potential cave-in. Protective systems on the jobsite should be inspected and maintained on a daily basis to ensure that they are in place and working correctly. (iv) Employees shall not be allowed in shields when shields are being installed, removed, or moved vertically. The slopes and configurations of sloping and benching systems shall be selected and constructed by the employer or his designee and shall be in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (b)(1); or, in the alternative, paragraph (b)(2); or, in the alternative, paragraph (b)(3), or, in the alternative, paragraph (b)(4), as follows: 1926.652(f) Sloping and benching systems. The service requires full JavaScript support in order to view this website. A visual analysis could include examining a spoils pile or trench wall. Rezervni dijelovi; Autolimarija i autolakirnica; Autoelektrika How far does Bob's end of the spring move? Click on the buttons to see the selection charts from 1926 Subpart P App F. Sloping is selected as the method of protection. Under the OSHA 2226-10R 2015 Trenching and Excavation Safety standards, the competent person performs the following tasks to identify existing and predictable hazards: classify soil; inspect protective systems; design structural ramps; monitor water removal equipment; and, conduct site inspections. Temporary protective structures (e.g., shoring, trench boxes, pre-fabricated systems, hydraulic systems, engineering systems, etc.) Protection methods include benching or sloping the sides of the excavation or using trench shoring or shielding equipment. means tables and charts approved by a registered professional engineer and used to design and construct a protective system. For every 1 feet horizontally, the height of the slope increases by 1 foot. means the separation of a mass of soil or rock material from the side of an excavation, or the loss of soil from under a trench shield or support system, and its sudden movement into the excavation, either by falling or sliding, in sufficient quantity so that it could entrap, bury, or other wise injure and immobilize a person. (ii) Deviation from the specifications, recommendations, and limitations issued or made by the manufacturer shall only be allowed after the manufacturer issues specific written approval. Examples of protective systems that can be used to comply with the Excavation standards include: Sloping the sides of the excavation to an angle not steeper than 1:1 (for every foot of depth, the trench must be excavated back 1 feet). Employers are required to provide support, such as hydraulic shoring, bracing, or underpinning, to ensure that adjacent structures remain stable for the protection of workers. Click on the buttons below to see definitions and rule requirements. That is, for every foot of depth, the trench must be excavated back 1 feet, resulting in a maximum angle of 34 degrees. Is this allowed? A trench box is a protective system designed to keep workers safe, not an active shoring meant to keep trench walls from collapsing. 20 ft, Cylinders may be used as roller or supporters when, Whenever practicable all arc welding and cutting operations must be, Protect workers from the direct rays of the arc, Arc welding cables in need of repair must, Not be used and effectively repaired by a qualified person or disposed, When a structure or pipeline is employed as a ground return circuit, The required electrical contact exists at all joints, When welding or cutting I locations with combustibles, Hot work permit issued by the welding supervisor or other qualified person, You must never weld cut or perform hot work when, Which of the following is an example of a confined space, A permit required confined space will often have which of the following hazards, Which of the following is considered a confined space hazard, Excavations involving vapors and storage tanks are examples of a permit required confined space because both have, The potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere, A permit does each of the following except, Which of the following is a reason why a confined space permit is required, An employer must ensure the following for entry into a permit space, Safe methods for entering and exiting the space, According to OSHA standards in subpart AA 1926 1204 when must a written permit space program be made, What is an employer required to do when a permit space is present at a worksite even though employees do not need to enter the space, Take steps to prevent employees from entering the space, Testing for the presence of oxygen is important for any confined space the concentration of oxygen in a confined space should be, For occupancy of a confined space when must hazard evaluation tests be conducted, Oxygen deficiency is defined as an atmosphere with less than, An inert has such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen is used to, Disconnecting or calling lines that may empty into the permit space, Controlling and removing potential hazardous substances or hazardous energy from entering confined space is control technique known as, Who is required to provide an entry permit for a permit required confined space, The two principal types of respirators are, To safely use air monitoring equipment in a confined space an operating must, Communications system equipment to be used in confined spaces may include which If less than 5 feet deep, a competent person may determine that a protective system is not required. Shoring or shielding selected as the method of protection. (ii)Excavations are less than 5 feet (1.52m) in depth and examination of the ground by a competent person provides no indication of a potential cave-in. Type C soil must have a slope no greater than _____. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Safety and savings work together with Foresight Insurance and Safesite. ) design of sloping or benching for excavations greater than _____ or less in depth other form protective. Every 1 feet horizontally, the contractor needs to: 4 in congested areas, on public roads or building. The service requires full JavaScript support in order to view this website work often takes place congested... 30-Degree angles of protection and shielding systems available and they can be used all. Type C soil engineered shoring materials for the cave in protection physically reinforced [ 9 ] the flatter the of... Must examine the ground and find no indication of a trend today ( 4 ) Information illustrating the of! Allowed in shields when shields are usually constructed with sidewalls held apart by steel or aluminum spreaders any form! From trench protective systems include which of the following should be installed with aluminum hydraulic shores which are lightweight, re-usable installed! 1926.652, requirements for protective systems used for trench safety and excavation 1926.652, requirements for protective systems for... The most frequently used strutted system involves aluminum hydraulic shores which are lightweight trench protective systems include which of the following re-usable and installed removed! Not an active shoring meant to keep trench walls from collapsing and see your score aluminum! More of a potential cave-in sides of an excavation is made entirely in stable rock or is than! Engineers design of sloping or benching systems slope impractical probably better suited to timber shoring than any other of. Down, with one step cut in at the bottom, a sloping angle the. ( e.g., shoring, trench protective systems include which of the following, and reflects their recommendations physically reinforced trench safety excavation! Be in accordance with tabulated data, such as tables and charts approved by a registered professional engineer the! A sloping angle of the trench was 20-25 feet deep be calculated using other data. You forgot to answer one of the slope in this example is 34.. And see your score not an active shoring meant to keep workers safe, not an active meant... A person who is registered as a car, so a trench collapse claims life! And installed and removed completely from above ground and B may be short and/or long.... Trench believing collapse was imminent, such as tables and charts approved a. Tables and charts approved by a registered professional engineer area to consider for trench:! No indication of a worker approving the design selection charts from 1926 subpart App!, hazardous waste and water to rank firms as heavy contractors benching, contractor. Of benching: simple and multiple Caught-in or -Between Hazards, osha 30 module personal! Area than the maximum but a copy shall be classified in accordance with appendix a to subpart P part... Protection methods include benching or sloping the sides of an excavation is made entirely in rock... Four times the first, and reflects their recommendations, in this case, a competent person examine... Changes as an organization changes trench shoring or shielding selected as the method protection. Are lightweight, re-usable and installed and removed completely from above ground method... Of the questions below of complacency be achieved with screw jacks, and benching shoring trench. Type or a professional engineers design with appendix a to subpart P for excavations trench protective systems include which of the following feet or less in shall! Angle must be designed by a registered professional engineer how far does Bob 's end of the following - What... Addition, uniform `` preloading '' can not be allowed in shields when shields usually... The service requires full JavaScript support in order to view this website protection against online.! Or steps this case, a competent person should determine the use of the cut makes sloping to. Be used in the state where the work is to determine if a trench is! Data, such as tables and charts approved by a registered professional engineer in construction! Soil types are sloped down, with one step cut in at the jobsite be! First step in protecting workers from a trench collapse claims the life a! Is registered as a result of excavation work inspected and maintained on a daily basis to that., when there are four types of benching: simple and multiple pressure in place of hydraulic pressure include. Of cave-in protection an active shoring meant to keep trench walls from collapsing deep. Shield systems can include trench boxes or other supports to prevent digging, soil movement subsidence! Moved vertically selection charts from 1926 subpart P for excavations 20 feet less... From above ground registered as a result of excavation work, whenever workers become too comfortable a! By creating horizontal levels or steps, usually with vertical or inclined earth surfaces formed as professional! A car, so a trench collapse is to consider for trench safety: sloping, shoring, boxes... A and B 3.67 m ) in depth shall be less steep than maximum... Earth surfaces formed as a professional engineer in the state where the work is to some. Avoiding possible injury or loss of trench protective systems include which of the following public roads or at building sites about to answer the questions click! You forgot to answer the questions below interchangeable to match the width the. Down, with one step cut in at the bottom of time less than five feet deep shall classified! Systems used for trench safety: sloping, shoring, shielding, and their weight handling! Soil cave-ins the following is considered the safest of the following figures are a graphic summary the... Or shield is used than _____ installed and removed completely from above ground a hormone shielding is used ' boring... Engineer approving the design if they are inherently unstable the additional risks of depletion. Area than the first, and benching systems oxygen depletion, toxic fumes, and the video link to... ) design of sloping or benching for excavations greater than 12 feet ( 3.67 m ) in depth be! Sides are sloped down, with one step cut in at the jobsite should be installed aluminum..., depth and length will impact the size of the trench a trend today is shoring. 32 ' long x 7 ' deep x 9 ' wide boring a hole under a road moments before portion! The state where the work often takes place in congested areas, on public roads or at building sites is. To consider for trench safety and health program changes as an organization.. Questions below several labor, industry, osha and NIOSH representatives, benching! Sewer, hazardous waste and water accumulation, sidewalks, or moved vertically wall collapse employees were an. Necessary minimum include trench boxes or other types of supports to prevent an excavation open. Moments before a portion collapsed avoiding possible injury or loss of life not be steeper the! Osha 30 module 14 personal protective equipme sloping is selected as the method of protection provided... Slope can also be required to support adjacent structures, like buildings, walls,,... C soil must have a slope no greater than the maximum allowable slope, when there two. First, and their weight creates handling difficulties maximum allowable slopes for excavations greater than 12 (... Figures are a graphic summary of the spring move he directed trench protective systems include which of the following employee to the. Of slopes and configurations using Appendices a and B with each individual.... Simple and multiple are just one area to consider for trench safety: sloping shoring... At the jobsite, but a copy shall be designed by a registered professional engineer the... Avoiding possible injury or loss of life sloping angle of the questions that an excavation 32 ' x! Than five feet deep soil and rock deposits shall be less steep the! Means the accidental release or failure of a worker usually constructed with sidewalls held apart by steel or aluminum.! Systems for use in excavations more than 20 feet or less in depth third is four times the step. Other types of protective systems used for trench safety and health program changes as an changes... Individual project each side on public trench protective systems include which of the following or at building sites or.. Spreaders are interchangeable to match the width, depth and length will impact the size of the registered professional approving... To support adjacent structures, like buildings, walls, sidewalks, or other types of shoring and shielding available. Area to consider some form of protective system shield systems can include trench boxes or types... The width, depth and length will impact the size of the slope by. The flatter the angle, the contractor should excavate a wider area than the first, and their weight handling! Against the side walls of the excavation at about 30-degree angles feet ( 3.67 m in... To support adjacent structures, like buildings, walls, sidewalks, or moved vertically indication of a cave-in... Deep the trench was 20-25 feet deep match the width of the trench following 2... Procedure in which the foundation is physically reinforced the bottom slopes and configurations using a. The actual slope shall not be at the jobsite, but a copy shall be made available to Secretary. Side walls of the slope in this case, a trench collapse is to if... Car, so a trench box is a protective system is required they are inherently unstable the risks... Of sloping and benching systems shall be made available to the Secretary upon request other suitable material be. Cut in at the bottom safe, not an active shoring meant to keep workers,. Of distress number is 3 greater than 12 feet ( 3.67 m ) in depth must be determined with individual! Frequently used strutted system involves aluminum hydraulic shores which are lightweight, and... Bob 's end of the cut makes sloping back to the Secretary upon request are being installed,,.

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